Burner



Nqv. 4, 1930. J. L. MANDE VILLE 1,780,596

- BURNER Filed 001:. 25, 1925 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTORI $9M YATTORNEYS.

JOHN L. MANDEVILLE, F ARLINGTON, NEW JERSEY, ASSIGNOR TO THE J. B. COLTCOM- PANY, A COREORATION OF NEW JERSEY BURNER- Application filed.Getober 23, 1925. Serial No. 64,418.

This invention relates to stoves, hot plates, ovens, and the like, andmore particularly to an improved burner therefor especially adapted toutilize acetylene as a heating gas.

The principal object of this invention is to improve the construction ofthe burner disclosed in Shaw Patent No. 991,7 59 in which an annular gascurrent is divided into a mum ber of narrow elongated jets curved abouta common center to prevent the objectionable singing or whistling noiseproduced by prior burners. The burner of the aforesaid patent comprisestwo concentric tubes, one of which has circumferentially extendingintegral pro jections at its upper edge, spacing the latter from theother tube and leaving a number of narrow elongated outlet orificesbetween the tubes at their upper ends. in manufacturing these burners,it is ditiicult to make the projections on the one tube always of evenwidth,

and to make the two tubes exactly cylindrical so that, when assembled,they will engage at all points and provide the desired uniform flame.The flame characteristics, such as its heating quality and color, becomeunsatisfactory when the parts at the orifice fit improperly, probablypartly becouse the edges of the tubes get so hot that sufficient heat isconducted down the tubes to a zone where the acetylene gas ispolymerized and a heating gas of a different composition is produced.

According to the present invention, uniform outlet orifices and flamecharacteristics are obtained by disposing a separatelyformed recessed orscalloped sheet metal spacer between the upper ends of the inner andouter burner tubes or walls. end of the inner tube mayalso be threadedor otherwise provided With means .rvhereby it may clamp the spacer, orthe spacer as well as the inner tube, in place.

The objects and novel features of the in; vention will be apparent fromthe following description, taken with the accompanymg drawing, in which:

Fig. 1 is a plan view of a burner assembly, embodying this invention;

Fig. 2 is a central longitudinal sectional view of the same, taken onthe line 2-2 of Fig. 1;

The lower t lFig. 3 is a sectional view of the outer burner Figs. 4 and5 are plan and sectional views of the sheet metal spacer;

Fig. 6 is a sectional View of the inner burner tubeyand Fig. 7 is apartial sectional View of another burner assembly embodying thisinvention.

Referring to the drawings, the improved burner is shown applied to theheating element of a gas stove but may of course be embodied in othergas heated devices, such as hot plates, ovens, and the like, and may bemounted singly or in groups of various numbers and arranged in variousways for the particular service for which they may be intended. Whilethe improved burner as shown is primarily designed to utilize acetyleneas the fuel gas, it will be understood that the invention may be adaptedfor use with various other fuel gases.

The heating unit shown, for the purpose of illustrating this invention,comprises a base casting A having an inlet passage 10 in which acetylenefrom a suitable valve 11 and air from the inlet ports 12 are mixed andsupplied to the several burners B. In the particular heater shown, thereare five burners, one arranged centrally of the others, which latter areindividually mounted at the ends of radial arms 13 having passages 14communicating with the main mixing passage 10. The casting A. may alsohave a lug 15 or other means whereby it may be secured to the frame of astove or other appliance upon which the heater is mounted. The severalburners are identical in construction, so only one of them will bedescribed in detail.

At the points where the burners are mounted, the base casting as well aseach of the arms 13, has coaxial openings 16 and 17 in its top andbottom walls, respectively. The top opening 16 is desirably of somewhatlarger diameter than the opening 17, and has a ledge or shoulder18extending along its upper edge to fit and support the lower edge of theouter burner tube D, an asbestos gasket 19 being desirably inserted atthat point to more effectively prevent gas leaka e.

The outer tube 1) may e a substantially I cylindrical metal shell andhas an inwardly by the inner burner tube E which may be "a casting or ofsheet metal and has external threads 22 at its lower end to fit into theinternally threaded opening 17, or to project through the latter andreceive a threaded nut which bears against the bottom of the casting tohold the inner tube and associated parts in place. A suitable gaspassage 24 is left between the tube E and the edge of the opening 16, asby making this tube of smaller external diameter than the diameter ofthe opening 16. The assage 24 admits the acetylene-air mixture rom themixing passage to the passage or chamber 25 between the spaced tubularwalls D and E.

a The spacer S may be stamped from a disk of sheet steel of a thicknessthat is determined by the width of the outlet orifices desired, so thatit becomes a very simple matter to make the dimensionsof these orificesaccurately. The disklike spacer is provided with rather deep radialrecesses 27, four in the present instance, cut a predetermined width anddepth at equal intervals into the edge of the inclined wall of thespacer, thus leaving four tongues 28. which separate the recessesfromone another. The upper end of the tube E- is flared outwardly, as at29, to provide a circumferential seat 30 on its outer surface that .isinclined outwardly the same degree asthe seat 20 and disposed oppositethe latter to cooperate therewith in clam ing the spacer The seat 30 isof about te same width as the inclined wall of the spacer whereas theseat 20 is much narrower. The spacer is in the form of a collar, havinga bottom portion 31 provided with a central aperture 32 of about thesame size. as the tube E just below the seat 30, to hold and center saidspacer on said tube. The spacer may thus be initially .assembled' on thetube E by inserting the smaller endvof the latter through the aperture32 and sliding the spacer along the tube until it rests on the seat 30.The seat 30 may have a circumferential groove 33 to permit proper accessand uniform distribution of the gasmi'xture to the outlet orifices 34which are formed by the spacer recesses 27 and the seats 20 and 30 whenthe tube E and spacer S are assembled in the tube D. The tubes and thespacer between them are securely connected to the base A by the threads22 of the tube E which,

engage the threaded opening 17. The tube E may be screwed into place bya suitable wrench or other tool inserted in an angular portion 35 withinsaid tube.

The tube E projects slightly above the tube D, and its outwardly flaringpart 29 contracts the chamber 25 net within the orifices 'to pro duce anannular nozzle, as at 25, whereby the gas mixture is delivered at highervelocity to the inner ends of the recesses 27 and issues in. fourdistinct jets from the orifices at'the outer ends of these recesses.These gas jets discharge upwardly and outwardly to provide a flame ofinverted frustro-conical shape and increased heating area. The devisionof the issuing gas mixture into a plurality of jets affords a noiselessoperation of the burner, and the use of the separately-formed spaceraifords a convenient means for providing and maintaining outlet orificesof the exact size desired fora particular service. Moreoyer, the burnerparts may be easily cleanedby uncoupling the inner tube E; and thespacer S, which is the only part likely to deteriorate in service, maylikewise be replaced readily. The outer tubes of the burners are exposedon all sides to the atmosphere and the hollow inner tubes permitcirculation of air upwardly therethrough, with the result that the tubesare kept cool-to prevent polymerization of the acetylene and air isfreely supplied to the gas mixture issuing from the outlet orifices toproduce perfect combustion. The orifices are so uniform in "size thatbackfiring is eliminated.

The construction of the burner may be varied without departing from theprinciples of the invention or sacrificing its advantages. The walls Dand E and the radially recessed spacer S clamped between them may be ofvarious shapes and proportions. Fig. 7, for example, illustrates anotherembodiment of the invention in which the outer burner tube D'is castintegral with the base casting A, which latter may be otherwise the sameas the base-casting A of Fig. 1 The tube D has an inclined inner seat 20at its upper end to support the spacer S which is in all respectssimilar to the spacer shown in Figs. 4 and 5. The tube D' also hasanannular groove 38 thereinjust below the seat 20 and opposite the lowerportions of the recesses 27 of the spacer, to direct the mixture to'therecesses and uniformly distribute such mixture, as the groove 33 does.The spacer S is E and bears against the bottom of the base A, a suitablegasket 42 beinginserted to revent leakage of gas. The burner tube is andhas suitable indentations 43 to provide a grip for a tool, such as awrench, whereby desirably formed from seamless 'steel tubing Otherwise,the construction and operation of the heating unit are similar to theone shown in Figs. 1 to 6 inclusive.

Tao

memes I claim:

1. A burner comprising coaxial cylindrical members spaced apart toprovide a gas passage therebetween and having opposed tapered seatsadjacent the outlet end of said passage, one of said seats having anannular groove coaxial with said cylindrical members; and a separatelyformed spacer clamped between said seats having spaced recessed portionscooperating with said seats to provide outlet orifices for said passage.

2. A burner comprising tubular walls spaced apart to provide a gaspassage therebetween and having opposed inclined circumferential seatsadjacent the outlet end of said passage, one of said seats having anannular groove coaxial with said tubular walls, and a spacer diskclamped between said seats and having spaced recesses extending inwardlyfrom its edge cooperating with said seats to provide spaced inclinedoutlet orifices for said passage.

3. A burner comprising coaxial tubular walls spaced apart to provide agas passage therebet-ween; and a spacer having a part fitting one ofsaid walls to center said spacer on said wall on which said spacer fits,and another recessed part disposed between and having contact with saidwalls to provide separate outlet orifices for said passage.

4. A burner comprising tubular walls spaced apart to provide a gaspassage therebetween, one of said walls having an inclined partcontracting said passage adjacent its outlet end and a seat on saidinclined part, the other wall having an inclined seat opposite theaforesaid seat; and a spacer having a part centering it on one of saidwalls and a radially recessed part clamped between said seats andcooperating therewith to provide spaced inclined outlet orifices forsaid passage.

5. A burner comprising inner and outer coaxial tubular walls spacedapart to provide a gas passage therebetween; and a spacer disk aperturedto fit and center itself on said inner wall, said spacer also havlng apart clamped between said walls and recessed to provide outlet orificesfor said passage 6. A burner comprising the combination of a base havinga gas supply passage and alined openings; a removable outer wallregistering with one of said openings; an inner wall. spaced from saidouter wall to provlde a gas chamber that communicates with said supplypassage, said inner wall having a portion registering with the otheropening; a removable spacer disposed between said walls adjacent theoutlet end of sald chamber and cooperating with said walls to provideout let orifices for said chamber; and means whereby one of said wallsis secured to said base and clamps said spacer and other wall togetherand holds said other wall against the base.

7. A burner comprising the combination of a base having a gas supplypassage and alined openings of different size; an outer tubular wallregistering with the larger of saidopenings; an inner tubular wallspaced from said outer wall to provide a gas chamber therebetween thatcommunicates with said supply passage, said inner wallhaving anoutwardly flaring portion at one end and a portion at its other endfitting the other of said openings; a spacer having a recessed portiondisposed between said flaring portion and said outer wall andcooperating therewith to provide spaced outlet orifices for saidchamber; and means cooperating with said inner wall to secure it to saidbase and clamp said spacer against said outer wall and said outer wallagainst said base.

8. A sheet metal spacer for burners comprising an annular portionadapted to center the spacer and an inclined portion having spacedrecesses.

9. A burner comprising in combination a base having a gas mixture supplypassage therein and an upper and a lower aligned opening in the walls ofsaid passage; an outer tubular extension registering with the upperopening and extending upwardly therefrom; an inner tube having its outerwalls spaced from the inner walls of the outer tubular extension, saidinner tube passing through said outer tubular extension and registeringwith said lower opening at its lower end and sealing the opening againstthe passage of the gas mixture and allowing the atmospheric air to passthrough said tube; a washer clamped between the upper endsof the innertube and the outer tubular extension, said washer having radial sectionsremoved from its outer perimeter to form slits therein to provide gasoutlet orifices formed by the walls of said slit and the outer wall ofthe inner tube and the inner wall of the outer tubular extension.

10. A burner comprising outer and inner co-axial tubular members havingthe inner wall of the outer member spaced from the outer wall of theinner member to form a gas passage between said members, said walls ofsaid members having parallel conical shaped sur faces at their outletends, and a conical shaped washer having portions removed therefromexceeding the length of the conical surface of said inner wall of saidouter member, said conical surface of said washer being clamped lgetweensaid conical surfaces of said memers. 11. A burner comprising outer andinner co-axial tubular members having the inner wall of the outer memberspaced from the outer wall of the inner member to form a gas passagebetween said members, said walls of said members having parallel conicalshaped surfaces at their outlet ends, one of said surfaces having anannular groove formed therein,

and .a conical washer having portions removed therefrom exceeding thelength of the inner conical surfaces of the outer member, an annularportion of said Washer fitting 5 around said inner member, saidconical'surface of said' washer being clamped between said conicalsurfaces of said members.

12. A burner as in claim 11 in which said annular groove is in the outerconical surface of said inner member In testimony whereof, I afiix mysignature. I

JOHN L. MANDEVILLE.

